Guna|dravyasambhasha

Guna

The word Guna is derived from the Moola dhatu- Guna Amantrane.Guna is the one, due to which people get attracted towards Dravya. It is defined as Guna is that entity, due to which people get attracted towards Dravya.

Lakshana of Guna: Acharya Charaka enumerates following characters for Guna :

1. It resides in Dravya.

2. It is having Samavayi karana with Dravya.

3. It is inactive.

CLASSIFICATION OF GUNA-

Acharya Charaka gives following classification:

I. Sartha : Indriyartha-5,

II. Gurvadi-20

III. Buddhi to Prayatna( Adhyatmika) – 6

IV. Paradi-10

Chakrapanidatta classifies Guna into 3 groups as-

I. Vaisheshika

II. Samanya and

III. AtmaGuna

Indriyartha guna- The special qualities of Mahabhoota and Indriya are known as Indriyartha. They are 5 in number, namely Shabda, Sparsha, Roopa, Rasa, Gandha and are special qualities of Akasha, Vayu, Agni, Jala and Prithvi Mahabhoota respectively.

Adhyatmika Guna: Adhyatmika Gunas are 6 in number as- Iccha, Dvesha, Sukha, Dukha, Prayatna, Buddhi.

Gurvadi guna:

Charakokta	Sushrutokta
Guru x Laghu	Guru x Laghu
Sheeta x Ushna	Sheeta x Ushna
Snigdha x Rooksha	Snigdha x Rooksha
Manda x Teekshna	Manda x Sara
Sthira x Sara	-----
Mrudu x Kathina	Mrudu x Teekshna
Vishada x Picchila	Vishada x Picchila
Shlakshna x Karkasha	Shlakshna x Karkasha
Sthoola x Sookshma	Sthoola x Sookshma
Sandra x Drava	Sandra x Drava
	Sugandha x Durgandha

1. Guru guna-

Nirikti-

यस्य द्रव्यस्यबृंहण कर्मणि शक्तिः स गुरूः । अ.हृ.सू.१/१८-हेमाद्रि.

The quality which is responsible for the force of gravity, which is capable of Brimhana karma (nourishment of tissues), is called as Guru guna.

Mahabhuta present- Prithvi and Jala mahabhoota.

Karma-

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Sada (Agni sada- dimnishs Agni), Upalepa (srotopalepa), Bala (provides strength), Tarpana (satisfies all Dhatus), Brimhana (nourishment of tissues) are the main Karma of Guru guna.

Dosha karma-

गुरू वातहरं पुष्टिश्लेष्मकृच्चिरपाकि च । भा.प्र.पू.मि.६/२०३

Vatahara, Shleshma pushti.

Ex- Masha, Mushali etc

2. Laghu-

Nirukti-

लंघने लघुः । | अ.हृ.सू. १/१८-हेमाद्रि

The quality which makes the body light is called Laghu guna.

Mahabhuta-

लाघवमन्यदीयम् । र.वै.३/११६

Akasha, Agni and Vayu Mahabhoota.

Karma-

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लघु पथ्यं परं प्रोक्तं कफघ्नं शीघ्रपाकि च | भा.प्र.पू.मि.६/२०२.

Action of Laghu is opposite to Guru guna as well as Lekhana (scraping of Dhatu) and Ropana (healing).

Dalhana says opposite to Guru guna means Asada (will not diminish Agni) Anulepana (will not quote Srotas.) and Kaphahara.

Doshakarma- Kaphaghna.

Ex- Mudga, Laja

Clinical application of Guru and Laghu Guna:

1. Importance in digestion and metabolism of food-

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The Laghu gunayukta Dravya are light for digestion and stimulates digestive fire and are

Alpadoshakara i.e. scarcely aggravate Dosha where as Gurugunayukta Dravya are opposite

and are heavy for digestion, hamper Digestive fire and aggravates Dosha. So the quantity of

food depends on the Guru or Laghu guna of Ahara.

1. 2. In Chikitsa: Guru guna yukta Dravya are employed to treat Karshya and related Medokshaya,

Mamsa kshaya, Shukra kshaya like diseases where in Dhatu Brinhanata (nourishment)

is essential. Where as Laghu guna as scrapes out Medo Dhatu so employed to treat

Sthoulya like Santarpanajanya vyadhi.

3. Sheeta Guna-

Nirukti-

दाहनाशकत्वं शीतत्वम् । | (आ.द.अ.२/सू.१०)

Which reduces Daha or temperature is called as Sheeta.

Mahabhoota-

सलीलानिलधरालमोवृत्तिः । (आ.द. ३ अ.२/सू.११)

Jala and Vayu Mahabhhota.

Karma-

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Stambhana (Static), Hladana (Sukhakari) along with Reduction of Trishna(Thirst) , Sveda (Sweating), Murcha(Giddiness) and Daha (Temperature) are the main Karma of Sheeta guna.

Dosha Karma- Pitta hara

Ex- Chandana, Doorva etc.

Clinical application of Shita guna:

1. In Chikitsa: Shita guna constricts the different vascular channels and stops their secretion

such as constricting artery or capillary in case of rupture and stopping bleeding(styptic)

so useful to treat bleading disorders such as Raktapitta, Raktarsha and Raktapradara

ex: Ashoka.

Similarly it acts as static and stops watery stool in Atisara .

Ex: Kutaja.

Like wise in case of excessive Swedana (sweating), Shita guna constricts Swedavaha

srotas acts as static so useful in Kushta like diseases.

Ex: Chandana, Ushira.

4. Ushna-

Nirukti-

स्वेदने उष्णः । अ.हृ.सू.१/१८-हेमाद्रि

दाहजनकत्वमुष्णत्वम् । (आ.द.अ३ आ.२ सू.१४)

The one which induces sweating is called as Ushna.

Which increases Temperature of the body is Ushna.

Mahabhoota-.

तैजसमौष्ण्यंतैक्ष्ण्यं च । (र. वै. ३/११३)

Agni mahabhoota.

Karma-

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उष्णो भवति शीतस्य विपरीतश्च पाचनः । भा.प्र.पू.मि.६/२०८

Karma is just opposite to Shita Guna specially Pachana (Digestion) is the Karma.

Dalhana says here Pachana means Vrana pachana (Ripening of wound).

Dosha karma- Pittavardhaka and Vatashleshmahara.

Ex- Chitraka, Maricha.

Clinical application:

In Chikitsa:

Ushna gunayukta Dravya stimulates Jatharagni (stimulates gastrointestinal glands to secete digestive enzymes)

so mainly used to treat Agnimandya, Atisara and Ajirna like diseases.

Ex: Trikatu.

Ushna guna even ripen absess (Vrana pachana) so useful in treating Vrana.

Ex: Chitraka.

5. Snigdha Guna-

Nirukti-

यस्य क्लेदने शक्तिः स स्निग्धः । अ.हृ.सू.१/१८-हेमाद्रि

Which provides Kledana (moistness) is called as Snigdha.

Mahabhoota-

स्नेहो‌अपां विशेषगुणाः । (प्र्.पा.भा.३८)

Jala mahabhoota.

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स्निग्धं वातहरं श्लेश्मकारि वृष्यं बलावहम् । भा.प्र.पू.मि.६/२०३

Provides Mruduta (Softness), Varna (Complexion), Bala (Strength).

According to Bhavaprakasha, it is even Vrishyakara (Aphrodisiac).

Dosha karma-

स्निग्धं वातहरं श्लेश्मकारि वृष्यं बलावहम् । भा.प्र.पू.मि.६/२०३

Vata- Shaman

Kapha- Kara

Ex- Ghrita, Dugdha.

Clinical application:

Most of the Vatavyadhi exhibits Rukshata and Dhatu kshaya so the treatment involves

imposing opposite Guna i.e. Snigdha which imparts Snehana and Brimhana karma.

Ex: Eranda taila, Bala, Atibala etc

Similarly in Shukra kshaya Snigdha guna increases Shukra and acts as Vrushya.

Ex: Shleshmataka

6. Rooksha-

Nirukti-

यस्य शोषणे शक्तिः स रूक्षः । (अ.हृ.सू.१/२८ हेमाद्रि)

Which makes Shoshanata (Dryness) is called Rooksha guna.

Mahabhoota-

रूक्ष वायव्यं । (आ.द. सू.१७)

Vayu mahabhoota.

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Karma is opposite to Snigdha and its action is Stambhana (Static) and Kharatva (Harshness)

Dalhana says Stambhana means it stops Atisara.

Dosha karma-

रूक्षं समीरणकरं परं कफहरं मतम् । (भा.प्र.पू.मि.६/२०३)

Vata- shreshtha Vatakara.

Kapha- Hara.

Ex- Yava, Kulatta

Clinical application:

Ruksha dravya are static and absorbs water so used to treat Atisara.

Ex: Kutaja In Vrana Kleda achushana is essential and Ruksha guna absorbs Kleda, cleanses Vrana. Ex: Kampillaka acts as Vrana shodhaka.

In Santarpanajanya vyadhi snigdhata will be increased and implication of Rooksha guna imparts Rukshana and makes Medo dhatu and Kleda shoshana. Ex: Yava, Jangala Mamsa

7. Manda-

Nirukti-

यस्य शमने शक्तिः स मन्दः । (अ.हृ.सू.१/२८ हेमाद्रि)

Which has the capacity to subside is called as Manda.

मन्दो यात्राकरः स्मृतः । (सु.सू.४६/५२२)

Which delays the action is called as Manda.

Dalhana says Yatrakara means provides static to the body.

मन्दः सकलकार्येषु शिथिलो अल्पो अपि जायते । (भा.प्र. पू.मि.६/२०५)

Mahabhoota-

धरणीसलीलवृत्तिः । (आ.द.अ ३२ सू.२४)

Prithvi and Jala

Karma-

Dosha karma- Kapha vardhaka and Pitta shamaka.

Ex- Amalaki

8. Tikshna-

Nirukti-

यस्य शोधने शक्तिः स तीक्ष्णः । (अ.हृ.सू.१/२८ हेमाद्रि)

Which cleanses is called as Teekshna.

शीघ्रकारित्वम् तीक्ष्णत्वम् । (आ.द.अ३ आ.२ सू.२५)

Which is quick in action.

Karma-

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तीक्ष्णं पित्तकरं प्रायो लेखनं कफवातहृत् ।भा.प्र.पू.मि.६/२०4.

Dahana (Burning) Paka (Digestion), Sravana (Secretion). According to Bhavaprakasha even the Lekhana (Scraping) is the Karma.

Mahabhoota-

तेजोवृत्ति । (आ.द.अ.३२ सू.२६).

Agni

Dosha karma-

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Vata- Hara

Pitta- Kara

Kapha- Hara

Ex- Bhallataka, Chitraka.

9. Sthira-

Nirukti-

यस्य धारणे शक्तिः स स्थिरः । (अ.हृ.सू.१/२८ हेमाद्रि)

Which is supportive is called Sthira.

Karma:

चलहितत्वम् स्थिरम् । (आ.द.)

स्थिरो वातमलस्तम्भी । भा.प्र.पू.मि.६/२०7.

Stambhana (Static) of Vata and Mala.

Dosha karma-

Kapha- Vardhaka

Ex- Shalaparni

10. Sara-

Nirukti-

यस्य प्रेरणे शक्तिः सरः । (अ.हृ.सू.१/२८ हेमाद्रि)

Prerana shakti or which has the capacity to stimulate others is called Sara.

सरxतेषां प्रवर्तकः । (भा.प्र.)

सलिलवृत्तिः । (आ.द.अ.३आ.२सू.३०)

Jala

Karma-

सरो‌अनुलोमनः प्रोक्तः । सु.सू.४६/५22

Anulomana is the main karma and Dalhana says Anulomana means produces Vata(flatus) and Mala (Excreta)

Dosha karma-

Vata- Kara

Ex- Ruksha Anna.

11. Mrudu-

Nirukti-

यस्य श्लथने शक्तिः स मृदुः । (अ.हृ.सू.१/२८ हेमाद्रि)

Which produces Shlathana (looseness) is called Mrudu.

Mahabhoota-

मार्दवमान्तरिक्षमाप्यं च । (र. वै. ३/११५)

Akasha and Jala mahabhoota.

Karma-

मृदुरन्यथा । (सु.सू.४६/५२८)

Dalhana says that Anyata means Adaha(no irritation), Apaka(no ripening), Asravana(no secretion).

Dosha karma-

Vata- Shamaka

Pitta- Shamaka

Kapha- Vardhaka

Ex- Ghrita

12. Kathina

Nirukti-

यस्य दृढने शक्तिः स कठिणः । (अ.हृ.सू.१/२८ हेमाद्रि)

Which has the ability to stabilise is called Kathina.

Mahabhoota-

कठिणत्वं पार्थीवम् । ((र. वै. ३/११५)

Prithvee

Karma- Provides Drudhata i.e. stability to the body.

Doshakarma-

Vata- Vardhaka

Ex- Ashvagandha, Mansarohini

13. Vishada-

Nirukti-

यस्य क्षालने शक्तिः स विशदः । (अ.हृ.सू.१/२८ हेमाद्रि)

Which has the capacity to do Kshalana (removes Picchilata) is called as Vishada.

Mahabhoota- 3

धरानिलानलवृत्तिः । (आ.द.अ.३आ.२सू.३७)

Prithvee, Vayu and Agni

Karma-

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क्लेदच्छेदकरः ख्यातो विशदो व्रणरोपणः । (भा.प्र.)

Absorbs the Kledata (moistness), Heels the Vrana (Ropana).

Dosha karma- Vatavardhaka

Ex- Kshara

Vishada gunayukta Dravya are used to heal Vrana.

14. Picchila -

Nirukti-

यस्य लेपने शक्तिः स पिच्छिलः । (अ.हृ.सू.१/२८ हेमाद्रि)

Which has the capacity to coat is called as Picchila.

पिच्छिलस्तन्तुलो बल्यः सन्धानः श्लेष्मलो गुरूः । (भा.प्र.)

Mahabhoota-

पिच्छिलत्वमाप्यम् । ((र. वै. ३/११२)

Jala

Karma-

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It promotes life, enhances strength, binds broken parts and makes body heavy.

Dosha karma-

Kapha- Kaphakara

Ex – Shleshmataka

15. Shlakshna-

Nirukti-

यस्य रोपणे शक्ति३ः स श्लक्श्ण ः । (अ.हृ.सू.१/१८ हेमाद्रि)

Which has the power of healing is called as Shlakshna.

सुमसृणमणिनामिव स्पर्शः । (र.वै.भा.)

Mahabhoota-

तैजसं श्लक्ष्णतं नाम । (र.वै.अ.२/सू.५८)

charaka- Akasha

Sushruta- Jala

Nagarjuna- Agni

Karma-

श्लक्ष्णः पिच्छिलवज्यः । (सु.सू.४६/५२१)

श्लक्ष्णः स्नेहं विना अपि स्यात् कठिणोऽपि हि चिककणः । भा.प्र.पू.मि.६/२06.

Sushruta says Karma of Shlakshna is same as Picchila.

Dosha karma-

Vata- Hara

Kapha- Vardhaka

Pitta- Vardhaka

Ex- Dugdha, Matsya

16. Khara

Nirukti-

यस्य लेखने शक्तिः स खरः । (अ.हृ.सू.१/१८ हेमाद्रि)

which scrapes out is called as Khara.

Mahabhoota-

कर्कशं वायव्यं । (र.वै.)

Charaka- Vayu, Prithvee

Sushruta- Tejas, vayu

Nagarjuna- Vayu

Karma-

कर्कशो विशदो यथा । (सु.सू.४६/५21)

Same as Vishada.

Doshakarma-

Vata- Vardhaka

Ex- Chanaka

Kharayukta dravya are used to treat Vrana, as they scrape out dead tissue

and helps in healing.

17. Sookshma

Nirukti-

यस्य विवरणे शक्तिः स सूक्ष्मः । (अ.हृ.सू.१/१८ हेमाद्रि)

देहस्य सूक्ष्मच्छिद्रेषु विशेध्यत्सूक्ष्ममुच्यते । भा.प्र.पू.मि.६/२10.

Which has the power to Dilate is called as Sukshma.

Mahabhoota- Agni, Vayu, Akasha

Karma- Penetrating every part of the body.

Dosha karma- Vatavardhaka

Ex- Madhya, Visha

Because of penetrating action, Sookshma gunayukta Dravya are quick in action.

18. Sthoola

Nirukti-

यस्य संवरणे शक्तिः स स्थूलः । (अ.हृ.सू.१/१८ हेमाद्रि)

Which has the power to do Sanvarana (obstruction of Srotas) is called Sthoola.

Mahabhoota- Prithvee

Karma-

स्थूलः स्थौल्यकरो देहे स्रोतसामवरोधकृत् । भा.प्र.पू.मि.६/२09.

Makes the body Sthula (obese)

Dosha karma- Kapha- Vardhana

Ex- Pishthaka

Sthoola gunayukta Dravya can be used to treat Karshyata.

19. Sandra

Nirukti-

यस्य प्रसादने शक्तिः स सान्द्रः । (अ.हृ.सू.१/१८ हेमाद्रि)

The one which provides Prasadana (nourishment) to the body is called as Sandra.

निबिड अवयवत्वं सान्द्रत्वं । (आ.द.)

Mahabhoota- Prithvee

Karma-सान्द्रः स्थूलः स्याद् बन्धकारकः । (सु.सू.४६/५20)

Sandhana of Dhatu.

Dosha karma-

Kapha- Vardhaka

Ex- Dadhi, Navaneeta.

20. Drava

Nirukti-

यस्य आलोडने शक्तिः स द्रवः । (अ.हृ.सू.१/१८ हेमाद्रि)

Which has the capacity for Vilodhana is called as Drava.

Karma-

द्रवः प्रक्लेदनः । (सु.सू.४६/५20)

द्रवः क्लेदकरो व्यापि । भा.प्र.पू.मि.६/२10.

Provides Kledana (moistness). Hemadri says, Prakledana means Vyapi i.e. it helps in spreading .

Dosha karma-

Kapha- Vardhaka

Pitta- Vardhaka

Ex- Takra, Ikshurasa.

*Vyavayi-

Nirukti-

´ªÉ´ÉÉªÉÒ SÉÉÊJÉ™Æü näü½Æý ´ªÉÉ{ªÉ {ÉÉEúÉªÉ Eú±{ÉiÉä **(सु.सू.४६/५22)

पूर्वं व्याप्यमखिलं कायं ततः पाकं च गच्छति ।

व्यवायि तध्यथा भंगा फेनञ्जाहिसमुद्भवम् ॥ (शा.प्र.४/१९)

Which, gets digested after moving throughout the Sharira.i.e. which gets

absorbed before digestion.

Ex- Bhanga, Ahiphena

*Vikasi-

Nirukti-

Ê´ÉEúÉºÉÒ Ê´ÉEúºÉzÉä´ÉÆ vÉÉiÉÖ¤ÉxvÉÉxÉÂ Ê´É¨ÉÉäIÉªÉäiÉÂ **523** (सु.सू.४६/५23)

एवमिति अपक्व एव सकलं दहं व्याप्य , धातुबन्धान् विमोक्षयत् । (ड.)

Which spreads throughout the body and weakens Dhatu, Sandhi, Oja is called as Vikasi.

Ex- Kramuka, Kodrava.

सन्धिबन्धाश्च शिथिलान् करोति हि विकासि तत् ।

विश्लिष्यौजश्च धातुभ्यो यथा क्रमुक कोद्रवौ ॥ शा.प्र.४/२०

*Sugandha-

Nirukti- ºÉÖJÉÉxÉÖ¤ÉxvÉÒ ºÉÚI¨ÉõÉ ºÉÖMÉxvÉÉä ®ÉäSÉxÉÉä ¨ÉÞnÖü: **521** सु.सू.४६/५21)

Which is Sukhada (pleasure giving), Sookshma. It provides Rochana (taste) and Mriduta.

*Durgandha-

nÖüMÉÇxvÉÉä Ê´É{É®ÒiÉÉä%º¨ÉÉrÞüšüÉºÉÉ¯þÊSÉEúÉ®Eú: **(सु.सू.४६/५22)

It is opposite to Sugandha and is responsible for Hrillasa and Aruchi.

*Ashukari-

+É¶ÉÖEúÉ®Ò iÉlÉÉ%%¶ÉÖi´ÉÉrüÉ´ÉiªÉ¨¦ÉÊºÉ iÉè™ü´ÉiÉÂ **(सु.सू.४६/५24)

Which spreads as Taila in water is called as Ashukari.

Summary of Gurvadi Guna.

Guna

Mahabhoota

Karma

Dosha karma

Dhtu karma

Mala karma

Guru

Prithvi and Jala

Sada , Upalepa, Bala, Tarpana,

Brimhana

Vata- hara

Kapha- Kara

Brimhana

of Dhatu

Mala vruddhi

Laghu

Akasha, Vayu,

Agni

Lekhana,Vrana

ropana,

Vata- kara

Kapha- hara

Apatar

pana

of Dhatu

Mala kshaya

Sheeta

Jala

Hladana,

Stambhana,

Moorcha, Daha,

Trishna hara.

Vata- Kara

Pitta- Hara

Kapha- Kara

Dhatu

vruddhi

Mutrala

Purisha

Stambhana

Ushna

Agni

Svedana,

Pachana

Vata- Hara

Pitta- Kara

Kapha- Hara

Dhatu

pachaka

Sweda,

Purisha

Pravartana

Snigdha

Jala

Kledan,

Mardavata,

Balakara,

Varnakara,

Vrushya

Vata- Hara

Kapha- Vardh

Aka

Dhatu

vruddhi

Mala

Pravartana

Rooksha

Vayu,

Prithvee

Shoshana

Vata- Vardhaka

Kapha- Shyamaka

Dhatu

kshaya

Mala

Stambhana

Manda

Prithvi and

Jala

Shamana

Pitta- Shyamaka

Kapha- Vardhaka

Dhatu

vruddhi

Mala sarana

Teekshna

Agni

Dahana, Paka,

Sravana,

Lekhana

Vata- Hara

Pitta- Kara

Kapha- Hara

Dhatu

kshaya

Mala

Pravartana

Sthira

Prithvee

Stambhana

Kapha- Vardhaka

Dhatu

vruddhi

Mala

Stambhana

Sara

Jala

Dhatu kshaya,

Pravartana

Vata- Vardhaka

Dhatu

kshaya

Mala

Pravartana

Mrudu

Jala and Akasha

Shlathana

Vata- Hara

Pitta- Kara

Kapha- Vardhaka

Dhatu

Shlathana

Mala

Shlathana

Kathina

Prithvee

Drudhata

Vata- Vardhaka

Dhatu

Drudhata

Mala

Shoshana

Vishada

Prithvee, Vayu,

Agni, Akasha

Kleda Chedana,

Vrana ropana

Vata- Vardhaka

Dhatu

Lekhana

Mala

Shoshana

Pichila

Jala

Jeevana, Balya,

Sandhana

Kapha- Vardhaka

Dhatu

Vruddhi

Sandhana

Mala saraka

Slakshna

Akasha, Agni,

Jala

Jeevana, Balya,

Sandhana

Kapha- Vardhaka

Dhatu

Vruddhi

Mala

Pravartana

Khara

Vayu, Prithvee,

Agni

Lekhana

Vata- Vardhaka

Dhatu

Lekhana

Mala

Shoshana

Sookshma

Agni, Vaayu,

Akasha

Sroto vivarana

Vata- Vardhaka

Dhatu

kshaya

Mala

Shoshana

Sthoola

Prithvee

Sroto sanvarana

Kapha- Vardhaka

Dhatu

Vruddhi

Malotsarga

Sandra

Prithvee

Sandhana

Kapha- Vardhaka

Dhatu

Sandhana

Mala sandrata

Drava

Jala

Kledana, Vilodhana

Pitta- Vardhaka

Kapha- Vardhaka

Dhatu

Vruddhi

Mala vruddhi,

Utsarga

Utility of Gurvadi guna-

Gurvadi gunas works in the body according to the principle of Samanya Vishesha. Ahara, Aushadhi

and Sharira posess Gurvadi gunas, so the respective Guna of Ahara and Aushadha can nourish the

respective Dhatu of Sharira and opposite Guna will decrease the Dhatu of Sharira. In case of

Mamsa kshaya- administer Mamsa, Raktakshaya- Rakta, Meda kshaya- Medas, Vasa kshaya –

Vasa, Asthi kshaya – Tarunasthi, majja kshaya- Majja.

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If a particular Dhatu is to be increased and the food article homologous with that Dhatu is not availabe

or even if available, they cannot be used because of unsuitability, or any other cause, then food preparations of different nature but having the predominance of the Guna similar to the Dhatus should be used.

Similar Guna will increase and opposite will decrease.

Example-

1. When there is a deficiency of Shukra dhatu, one should consume Ksheera, Sarpi and such other

Dravya having Madhura, Snigdha and Shita Guna.

2. In case of Mutra kshaya, again Ikshurasa, Varuni, Manda having Madhura, Amla and Lavana

Rasa and Upakleda Guna are tobe used.

3. Vatakshaya : Dravya having Katu,Tikta and Kashaya Rasa, Laghu ruksha guna and Shita Virya

are advised.

4. Pittakshaya : Dravya having Katu,Amla and Lavana Rasa, Kshara, Tikshna guna and Ushna

Virya are advised.

5. Kaphakshaya :Dravya having Madhura Rasa, Sandra and Picchila guna and Shita Virya are

advised.